The Country and People of Egypt

Arab Republic of Egypt - Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah

The Country & People of Egypt

Egypt, Arab. Misr, officially Arab Republic of Egypt, republic (1995 est. pop. 62,360,000), 386,659 sq mi (1,001,449 sq km), NE Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea (N), Israel and the Red Sea (E), Sudan (S), and Libya (W); the Sinai peninsula, the only part of Egypt located in Asia, is separated from the rest of the country by the Suez Canal. Major cities include Cairo (the capital) and Alexandria. The principal physiographic feature is the Nile R., which flows the length of the country from south to north and separates the Libyan (Western) and Arabian (Eastern) deserts that comprise 90% of the land area. Bordering the Nile between Aswan and Cairo are narrow strips of cultivated land, home of the vast majority of Egypt's inhabitants. Although the country's industrial base increased considerably in the 20th cent., the Economy has been severely strained by Egypt's limited farmland and its large and rapidly growing population. Agriculture, which Employs about 40% of its population, depends on the Nile for its fertility. Completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1970 greatly increased arable land, which still constitutes less than 5% of Egypt's total land area. Cotton is the leading cash crop. Major manufactures include refined oil, chemicals, textiles, and processed foods. The Suez Canal and tourism are sources of foreign Exchange. Egypt's inhabitants are mainly a complex racial mixture, descended from the ancient Egyptians, Berbers, sub-Saharan Africans, Arabs, Greeks, and Turks. The majority are Sunni Muslims, but there is a substantial minority of Coptic Christians. Arabic is the official language.

Ancient Egypt
Egyptian civilization, one of the world's oldest, developed in the valley of the Nile over 5,000 years ago. The rival kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt were united as a centralized state 3200 BC; by a king named Menes, who Established his capital at Memphis. A high culture developed Early, and the use of writing was introduced. During the Old Kingdom (3110–2258 BC;) Egyptian culture and commerce flourished, and the great pyramids were built. Its fall introduced a period of anarchy, which Ended 2000 BC; with the Establishment of the Middle Kingdom, with its capital at Thebes. Civilization again flourished until in 1786 BC; weak rulers allowed the country to pass under the rule of foreign nomads, known as the Hyksos. The Hyksos were Expelled 1570 BC;, and the New Kingdom was Established. During the XVIII dynasty (1570–1342 BC;) ancient Egyptian civilization reached its zenith; a vast Empire was Established and Thebes and Memphis became the political, commercial, and cultural centers of the world. After the XX dynasty (1200–1085 BC;) Egypt came increasingly under foreign domination, with periods of rule by Libya, Sudan, Assyria, Nubia, and Persia. Following a brief reestablishment of native power in 405 BC;, Egypt fell without a struggle to Alexander the Great in 332 BC; After Alexander's death (323 BC;) Egypt was inherited by his general, Ptolemy, who founded the dynasty of Ptolemies and under whom the new city of Alexandria became the intellectual and religious center of the Hellenistic world. The Ptolemies maintained a formidable Empire for more than two centuries until, weakened by internal dynastic disputes, Egypt fell to Rome in 30 BC; Christianity was readily accepted in Egypt, which became part of the Byzantine Empire about AD; 395. With the Arab conquest (639–42) Egypt became an integral part of the Muslim world.

Modern Egypt
After 500 years as part of the caliphate, Egypt was seized by the Mamluks in 1250 and the Ottoman Turks in 1517. The first close contact with the West occurred in 1798, when French forces under Napoleon occupied the country; they were Expelled in 1801 by combined Ottoman and British troops. In 1805 Muhammad Ali, a common soldier, was appointed pasha of Egypt; under his rule the foundations of the modern state of Egypt were Established. The construction of the Suez Canal (1859–69) put Egypt deeply into debt, and, although nominally still part of the Ottoman Empire, the country was forced to appoint a French-British commission to manage its financial affairs. The British consolidated their control between 1883 and 1907, and during World War I, when Turkey joined the Central Powers, Great Britain declared Egypt a British protectorate, which Effectively persisted for some years after independence in 1923.

Independent Egypt
Egypt bitterly opposed the UN partition of Palestine in 1948 and played an important role in the Arab-Israeli Wars that followed. In 1952 the Egyptian army deposed King Farouk in a coup; a republic was established in 1953, and Col. Gamal Abdel Nasser became president (1954). For a brief period Egypt and Syria merged (1958) in the United Arab Republic, then were joined by Yemen in the United Arab States; the union was dissolved in 1961. Inaugurating a program of economic and social reform, modernization of the army, and construction of the Aswan High Dam, Nasser, with the aid of the USSR, strove to make Egypt the undisputed leader of the Arab world. His rallying cry was denunciation of Israel; in 1967 Egypt lost much territory in the Six-Day War, which also shattered its economy and armed forces. Nasser died in 1970 and was succeeded by Anwar al-Sadat, who regained some of Egypt's lost territory in the Yom Kippur War (1973) and reversed a 20-year trend by ending Soviet influence and seeking closer ties with the West. In 1977 Sadat angered his Arab allies by traveling to Jerusalem as a conciliatory gesture to Israel; the two nations signed a peace treaty in 1979. In 1981 Sadat was assassinated by Muslim fundamentalists, and Hosni Mubarak, who pledged to continue Sadat's policies, became president. The Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai and its return to Egypt, which began in 1979, was completed in 1982. Egypt provided troops for the U.S.-led coalition in the Persian Gulf War (1991). In the late 1980s and the 1990s Muslim fundamentalists increasingly opposed the government, and some 1,200 people were killed by militants between 1992 and 1997. Mubarak was elected to a fourth six-year term in 1999.

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Copyright (c) 2003 Columbia University Press.
Used by permission of Columbia University Press.

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About Egypt

General Information Also see Travel

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Arab DataNet Country profile, key facts, overview, economic review, political structure, sector analysis, investment, government, companies....
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BBC Country Profile Key facts, figures and dates
Britannica.Com Country info, land, people, economy, society, government, history, culture, maps, statistics, links....
CIA World Factbook Map, geography, people, government, economy, communications, transportation, military, issues
Country Reports Economy, defense, geography, government, people, anthem, map, news, weather, links....
Encarta OnLine Info, land & resources, population, economy, government, history, other related items, links....
Encyclopaedia of the Orient Geography, politics, economy, health, education, religion, people, history, anthem, cities....
Expedia Almanac, fast facts, communications, on business, health & safety, transportation, traveler's directory
Focus OnLine Egypt - The Land of Pharaohs. general info, regions, tourism, cuisine, music, maps....
Geographia.Com Exploring Egypt, location, geography, climate, history, culture
Info Please General info, map, geography, government, history, land & people....
Little Horus + Kids Web Site - About Egypt today, where to go, history, Fun Corner Club
MidEast.Com Good info + Cairo, Alexandria, Aswan, Sharm El-Sheikh, Fayoum, Mersa Matrouh, Luxor, Minya
Nation By Nation Info, government, human rights, news, geography, history, people, links....
US Department of State - Background Notes People, history, government, political conditions, economy, travel, business, foreign relations....
US Library of Congress Everything you ever wanted to know about Egypt....
World66 General info, cities, history, people, economy, getting around, getting there, links....

Cities, Towns, Municipalities & Places

6 October City
Beheira Governrate + Info, tourism, investment, services, climate....
Cairo The Melting Pot of Ancient and Modern Egyptian Civilizations
Gharbia Governrate + A medium location in the delta which gave It a distinguished place agriculturally and industrially
Hurghada One of the best Egyptian tourist destinations
Kafr El-Sheikh Governrate + Info, tourism, investment, famous people, services, industry, climate, environment....
Matrouh + Economic , tourist , historical and archaeological information, investment chances, businesmen services
Port Said Jewel of the Suez Canal
Red Sea Red Sea, Dangerous Animals, Snorkelling And Scuba, Underwater photography, Coral Reefs, Field Guide
Red Sea Governrate
Sinai History, culture, national parks, dive sites, life of the Red Sea....
Sinai Parks Friendly guide to Sinai and the Red Sea
South Sinai Governrate + Long beaches, high mountains, natural protective areas....
St Katherine Monastery Origins, The Protectorate, Activities
Suez Canal An artificial waterway running north to south. Guide to Egypt
Suez Governrate + A unique geographical position, civilian and military characteristics
Tomb of Menna Make a virtual reality visit to the tomb
Valley of the Kings Discover each tomb in the Valley
World Monuments Endangered sites: Khasekhemwy at Hierakonpolis, Edfu
World Monuments Endangered sites: Valley of the Kings, Thebes
World Monuments Endangered sites: Mortuary Temple of King Ahmenhotep III, Gurna
World Monuments Endangered sites: Sultan Al Muayyad Hospital, Cairo
World Monuments Endangered sites: Sultan Qu'itabay complex, Cairo
World Monuments Endangered sites: Valley of the Kings, Thebes
World Monuments Endangered sites: White and Red Monasteries, Sohag

Flag, Maps, Emblems and other information....

Cellular News Cellular coverage map, systems, frequencies....
Egyptian Stamps + History, gallery, collectors' corner....
Ethnologue Languages
Flag Description, meaning, history, interesting facts
Flag Explanation, historical, military & political flags, subdivisions, national emblem....
Maps Country, city, detailed & historical maps, CIA atlas
Maps Cities & towns. Global position, altitude, WAPF (weather) forcast,
World Clock Local time, sunrise, sunset, GMT offset, daylight saving....
World Paper Money Paper currency since 1926

for Egypt products: Stamps, collectables, etc....

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

Business and Economy

General, Economy, Reports & Statistics

Alexandria Business Association + Provide networking opportunities, consolidate business and social ties
American Chamber of Commerce in Egypt The first, largest and most active American Chamber in the Middle East
Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Fact sheet, travel information, trade watch....
Bilateral Relations with Japan Diplomatic, investment, economic cooperation, residents....
British Egyptian Business Association (BEBA) Primary resource for members to achieve success in the business economy
Business Etiquette and Culture A guide for doing business ....
Chamber of Food Industries (CFI) + Providing scientific research, advanced technical expertise and information
Cairo & Alexandria Stock Exchanges Statistics, contacts, FAQs, links....
Capital Market Authority (CMA) + Responsible for securing a transparent and credible market for investors in Egypt
Egypt and the IMF Position in the fund, reports....
Egyptian Capital Market Association + Advancement of the economy and providing investment opportunities to the public
Egyptian Capital Market Stocks Quotes + Porfolio, mutual funds, useful info, broker directory....
Egyptian International Trade Point e-Business, e-Directory, staistics, facilities, trade info, list of industrial cities.... 10th of Ramadan Trade Point + Badr Trade Point + Kafr El Shiekh Trade Point Mansoura Trade Point
Egyptian Maritime Data Bank (EMDB) + Info systems, services, Egyptian ports....
Export from Egypt Provides information and services relevant to exporting activities
Italian Chamber of Commerce – Egypt Promoting and developing commercial, industrial and other various forms of cooperation
MBendi Business information, news, industries, events
Middle East Regional Veterinary Information System Livestock & production data in Egypt
Misurata Chamber of Commerce & Industry (MCCI) + To reach the objectives of local economic and social development....
Muslim Trade Network Trade reference directory and guide....
Organization of Islamic Countries - SESRTCIC + The most comprehensive database: statistical, economic and social
Ports Focus Ports, harbours, marinas....
Project Evaluation and MacroEconomic Analysis (PEMA) Conducting a systematic evaluation of foreign aid projects in Egypt
Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises + A dynamic force for export development, sustained economic growth and job creation
US Department of Energy Analysis, information, oil, natural gas, coal, electricity....
US Department of State Country commercial guide 2001 (pdf)
US Department of State Country reports on economic policy and trade practices - 1999
World Bank Egypt at a glance (pdf)

Banks

Central Bank of Egypt Formulating monetary , credit , & banking policy and supervising its implementation
Egyptian American Bank Offers a wide range of banking and financial services
National Bank of Egypt Building up expertise in many new products area....
Suez Canal Bank Participating in the capital of projects

Directories, Job Opportunities

Career Egypt Online recruiters
E-Dars + The future of real estate
Egyptian International Trade Point Address
Egyptian Yellow Pages Alexandria & Cairo business directories
Egyway + Online business directory
Internet Business Mall The online business directory for Egypt
Jobs in Egypt Create job alerts to receive jobs emails, search for candidates and view resumes
Nile Guide International Egyptian export & investment development program. Importers guide.

Investment & Promotion....

Austrian Commercial Office in Cairo + Information to companies who are interested in doing business with Austria
Economic Growth Program of USAID Strengthening the environment for trade and investment
Egyptian Exporters Association ExpoLink offers a set of marketing and technical assistance services to Egyptian exporters
Egyptian Franchise Development Association To encourage and promote entrepreneurship and business through franchising
Trade Egypt Importers, exporters, services, products, trade leads....

Extensive database of more than 12,500 projects and tenders.
Updated on a daily basis with the latest business information in 14 countries in the Middle East

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

Art, Culture & Sport

General resources, Heritage, Museums....

Al-Mashriq - The Levant Cultural riches & gateway
Cairo Islamic Monuments + The early Islamic period to Mohammed Ali Pasha
The Coptic Museum + Ancient Egyptian Art during the Pharaonic and the Graeco-Roman periods on one hand and the Islamic era on the other
The Egyptian Castle Know a little bit more about Egypts's culture, music, movies....
Egyptian Heritage Splendors
Egyptian Museum Masterpieces, restoration, pharaonic gods, pharaonic eras, games.... Alternative site
Egyptian Museum Alternative site
Graeco—Roman Museum + Alexandria - . Offer an excellent introduction to the Greek and Roman art of Egypt
Guardian's Egypt For teachers, students, Egyptologists, and general Egypt enthusiasts
Islamic Art Museum + Various collections from Egypt, Arab countries and other regions where Islam dominated
King Tut One Ancient Egypt Directory
Mohammed Mahmoud Khalil and his wife Museum + Metal and glass work, ornaments, library, information centre and a lecture theatre
Mohammed Mahmoud Khalil and his wife Museum + Alternative site
Museum Tours Virtual Egyptian museum
Nova OnLine Explore the pyramids of Egypt
Rigby's World of Egypt Take a tour of the country, a country rich in history and culture, find out about Egyptian antiquities

Art, Literature, Photography, Cinema....

Ahmed Abdel-Haviz Life and poems....
Ahmed Khaled Artist working in mediums of painting and media art
Ahmed Othman + Life Entitled Exhibition - Paintings
Azza El-Wakeel + Poet - Poems
Nagui Paintings show a Middle Eastern and a south Mediterranean influence
Naguib Surur + Author & poet. His work....
Angus McIntyre Photographs of old cities and tourist sites....
J. F. Maion Nomads'Land. Evocative landscape, adventure and travel photography
Marilyn Batte A Canadian photorealistic oil painter. Living in Cairo. Photographs of land, sea, river and desert scapes
Bill Hocker Photographs Photo Album - Egypt
Color Tour of Egypt Egyptian sites & artifacts exhibit
Egypt Art Paintings, sculptures, ceramics, calligraphy....
Egyptian Cargo Galleries of authentic papyrus paintings....
Travelogue Trip journal and photo galleries
Internet Movie Database Movie & TV reports

Music, Song & Dance....

Cairo Opera House + Profile, program, venues, companies, reservations....
Egyptian Dance Belly Dance - History, music, the souk, recipes, and of course, the dedicated women of this Art

Cultural, Scientific, Environmental, Health, Sporting Entities & Info

Egypt Exploration Society Explore, survey, and excavate at ancient sites in Egypt and Sudan
Egyptian Foundation for Promoting Art & Creativity Provide an opportunity for contemporary artists to develop their capabilities and talents
The French in Alexandria Cultural center, school, consulate
Kemet Quarterly magazine. Critical reviews on society, art, culture, language and religion, covering Pharaonic, Coptic and present day Egypt
Internet Society of Egypt Dedicated to promoting, managing, and facilitating the use of Internet in Egypt
Animal Info Threatened species, environmental and social data
AquaStat Information on quantity and quality of freshwater and its availability
El-Zahraa Stud + Promotion and preservation of the pure Egyptian Arabians
Diabetes Egypt + Portal for people with diabetes and quality of life
HealthNet Information about Egyptian healthcare organizations and professionals
Al-AhlyEgyptian national sporting club online
Al-Ahly News About the club, news, archives, forums....
Cairo Swimming Zone + Activities, calendar, results, links
Egyptian Football Association News, competitions, national teams....
Egyptian Handball Federation News, achievments, competitions, national teams, calendar....
Egyptian Olympic Committee + Federation, scientific center, museum, news, records
Egyptian Soccer Online magazine
Royal Valley Golf Club Luxur - The place where you play golf

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

Education

Schools, Colleges, Academies, Universities & Polytechnics

British International School Education based on British principles
Futures Schools A curriculum that provides students with essential career, academic and life skills
New Cairo British International School Primary education and National Curriculum (England and Wales)
St. Fatima School Provides knowledge and a student's guide to a better standard of learning
WorldWide Classroom University & adult education, K12 & teen....
Ain Shams University + The University enjoys an excellent reputation, both locally and world-wide Faculty of Engineering Faculty of Pharmacy
Al-Azhar Al-Shareef A university in which taught different sciences, and religious & mental arts
Al-Minya University + Agriculture, Engineering, Technology, Science
Alexandria University Academic specialization and professional education Central Library +
American University of Cairo Advances the ideals of American liberal arts and professional education
Assiut University + Encourage research, education and community services
Cairo University + Offering its education and research facilities to Arab and foreign students and scientists Faculty of Economics and Political Science + Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Ainy Kasr El-Aini e-Library Databases, journals
German University in Cairo In cooperation with the State Universities of Ulm and Stuttgart
Helwan University + Numerous faculties , specialization research centers and production units
Mansoura University + Essential information about learning and other services rendered to the students of the University
Minufiya University + Arts, Social Sciences, Law, Commerce, Agricultural, Computer Sciences, Engineering and Medicine
Misr International University Academic programs that integrate instruction, research and community service
Misr University for Science and Technology Offers degree programs in a variety of disciplines
Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA) Engineering, Computer Science, Mass Communication, Management
Nile University Embodies the unique concept of hosting several international universities on one campus
October 6 University (O6U) + Relying on practical study and training, including research classes
Tanta University + One of the most distinguished universities concerning its different fields of specialization
Zagazig University + Located in Sharkia Governorate
Acadamy of the Arabic Language
Arabic Language Center + Learn Arabic
Drayah Language Center Learn the Arabic language and gain experience of the habits and traditions of the Egyptians
International Language Institute It is the foremost institute in Egypt in the teaching of Arabic

Institutions & Organizations

Academy Of Scientific Research And Technology
Arab Academy Graduate School of Business Also Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport
Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI) Enhance the competitiveness through technological development and technology transfer
Egyptian Student Association in North America Aims at integrating the Egyptian scholarly community across the globe
Electronic Business Institute (EBI) Theory, application and practice for eBusiness and Management Development
Dive Point Red Sea Hurghada - PADI dive and training center
Global Distance Learning Center (GDLC) Interactive e-learning
Higher Technological Institute A rich and balanced mix of theoretical Knowledge and intensive practical training
Information Technology Institute (ITI) Professional training programs and Information Technology courses
National Telecommunication Institute (NTI) Contributing to the development of new systems and applications
Red Sea Diving College Career development center which specializes in diver training
Sadat Acadamy Port Said
Virtual IT Institution (VITI) Interactive e-learning course modules and programs

Research, Resources, Libraries & Projects

Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI) Information about the institute and its ongoing activities
American Research Center in Egypt Conservation of Egyptian monuments through its special Egyptian Antiquities Project
Bibliotheca Alexandrina A library, specialized libraries, museums, research centers, exhibitions, art galleries, planetarium, Exploratorium and a conference center
Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC) Conducting research trails related to unfavorable climatic conditions
Central Laboratory for Agricultural Expert Systems Helping farmers optimize the use of resources and maximize food production
Community of Practice Integrate technology and the Internet into the curriculum and meaningful classroom activities
Egyptian Libraries Network + Links automated libraries in Egypt via the Internet
Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) Collecting, organizing , analyzing agricultural information
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI) In the fields of production, exploration, refining, petrochemicals, product application, evaluation, process design
Egyptian Universities Network (EUN) + Facilitate the communication between the Egyptian Universities and provide them with different resources of information
Maadi Library +
Medical Student Guide A guide to first year in Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine
Mubarak Public Library + A living reality that interacts with the public
National Education Technology Program (NETP)
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF) Research to cover food production, environment and pollution control and coastal protection
National Network for Scientific & Technical Information (ENSTINET) Databases and directories to assist the researchers
National Research Center (NRC) Conduct research in different fields of science and advanced technologies
Theodor Bilharz Research Institute + Research programs to control, diagnosis and manage of urinary and hepatic schistosomiasis and other endemic diseases
Virtual Extension and Research Communication Network (VERCON) + Linkages of the national agricultural knowledge and information system

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

History, Human Right & Politics

Ancient & Modern....

ABC News - News Makers Husni Mubarak
Ancient Egypt Here are the links to sites that feature all aspects of ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt Online The Quick Guide to Ancient Egypt - Pharaohs, Queens of Egypt, Hieroglyphics, Gods and Goddesses, Pyramids, Daily Life, Mummies....
BBC Timeline A chronology of key events
Cairo's Recollections Articles, photos and references dealing with 19th and 20th century aspects of a 1000 year old capital
Early Dynastic Egypt History and Archaeology
Egyptology Examining the art, archaeology, religion and history of Egypt
Gamal Abdel-Nasser Biography, photo album, speeches, poems & movies about Gamal....
National Geographic At the Tomb of Tutankhamen, Mysteries of Egypt....
The Pharaohs The whole ancient Egyptian history from the begining to the end
Political Geography Land and people, economy, government, history....
A Woman Called Egypt + About a brief period in Cleopatra's youth when her actions affected the entire ancient world
World Statesmen Flags, chronology, rulers, governors, ministers, commissioners....

Human Rights, Politics & Political Parties....

Amnesty International + News, reports, urgent action. Latest annual report....
Egyptian Organization for Human Rights - EOHR Working for the support and defense of human rights in Egypt
Human Rights Watch + Human rights developments & report
US Department of State Country reports on human rights practices
The Egyptian Action Group Crisis in Egypt

Related Sites, Articles....

Constitution Background, history & news
Egyptian Armed Forces Commanders, branches, acadamies, museums, mines problem ....
Elections Results, parties, parliament, electoral institutes, electoral calendar, political database....

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Visit Arab Media for satellite stations & Arab newspapers

Media

Newspapers, Magazines....

Akhbar El-Yom Daily newspaper
Al-Ahali Weekly magazine
Al-Ahram + Daily newspaper
Al-Ahram Al-Arabi Weekly magazine
Al-Ahram Hebdo Hebdomadaire égyptien en langue française en ligne chaque jeudi
Al-Ahram Weekly Weekly English newspaper
Al-Alam El-Yom Daily newspaper - Economy
Al-Elm Monthly magazine - Scientific
Al-Gomhouria Daily newspaper
Al-Kahera Weekly newspaper by the Ministry of Culture
Al-Koura Weekly newspaper - Football
Al-Messa Daily newspaper
Al-Osboa Weekly magazine
Al-Shaab Daily newspaper
Al-Siyassa Al-Dawliya (International Political Jornal) + Quarterly periodical specialized in political and international affairs
Amwague Eskandaria Monthly magazine - Cultural
Cairo Times Twice weekly magazine
Dar Al-Tahrir + Assorment of daily, weekly and monthly magazines and newspapers. Foreign & evening editions....
Dar Akhbar El-Yom Assorment of daily, weekly and monthly magazines and newspapers. Politics, art, sport, cars....
Egypt Today Monthly newspaper....
Middle East Times Daily newspaper

OnLine News, Newsletters, News agencies....

Al-Gomhouria On-Line Daily newspaper - Electronic supplement
AllAfrica.Com News plus, news wire....
Cairo Live News, views & entertainment....
Car.Com Information about cars in Egypt online....
Egypt Daily Online news....
Egypt PC World Online computer & IT magazine
Egyptian + Online news, polls + arabic poetry and literature....
Go News News, Almanac, downloads, quotes, useful links
Kemet + The only cultural journal on Egypt in the German language
Tahrir Online news, poll, sport, social....
Washington Post News & references
Yahoo full news coverage

Radio, TV, Internet....

Al-Ahram IT Lughat Al-Asr. Monthly update. Internet news, tips....
InternetMisr Monthly update. Internet news, tips....
SU9BN History and background, photo album, Egyptian experiences!

Articles, Reports, Cartoons....

One World + Archives, articles and news from different sources

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

Visit Arab Organizations for Pan-Arab, Middle East, North Africa and regional organizations

Government & Organizations, Corporations, Societies....

Government, Ministries, Councils....

Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members
Political Leaders Dates and figures of the leadership since 1936 (with pictures)
Cabinet Information & Decision Support Centre - IDSC + Observation of the local, regional, and international economic phenomena and events Advanced Library Information System + To meet the needs and requirements for the storage and retrieval of Arabic and English documents Communication Department + Technical support.... Computer Works Deposit Department Services, forms, specifications, Directory of Libraries General, geographic.... Egyptian Libraries Network + General and children search, current awareness, famous characters, famous librariies.... Government On-Line Services, ministries, important links.... Libraries Sector + Consultancy services for the development of Egyptian libraries The Universal Program for Gathering Leadership and Management Qualifications +
Central Agency for Public Moblization and Statistics - CAPMAS + Data and information required in all fields and activities in Egypt
Central Auditing Organization (CAO) + Responsible for the Auditing process upon the public& private sector
Egypt State Information Service - SIS The latest information on various diverse topics about Egypt....
Egypt's Information Portal
Egyptian Geological Survey and Mining Authority To geologically map the whole country and to explore its mineral wealth
Egyptian Government + Services portal
Egyptian Meteorological Authority +
Egyptian National Committee Effective participation in the world energy council’s executive meetings
Egyptian Organization for Standardization (EOS) + Matters related to standardization, quality control and metrology
Egyptian People's Assembly + Majlis Al-Shura is the legislative power. history, provisions, functions, organs....
Egyptian People's Assembly + The Parliment - Alternative site
Egyptian Presidency The President, Egypt profile, news desk, Abdeen palace, archives
Egyptian Sales Tax Department Offering information and services that will increase awareness of General Sales Tax
Government Online (Al-Hokoma) Services, ministries & contacts, ministries websites
Information Society Development Office Link the Egyptian community with regional and global IS communities
Ministry of Aministration Development + Edara
Ministry of Al-Awqaf (Religious Affairs) + Supreme council for Islamic affairs
Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation + Preparing a strategy for agricultural development
Ministry of Communications & Information Technology + To remain relevant in a rapidly changing technological landscape
Ministry of Economy + To develop economic activities, and to encourage local, Arab and international investments
Ministry of Education + Information for students, teachers and parents....
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Foreign policies, treaties, consular & press sections, about Egypt.... International Cooperation Sector + Preparing and concluding investment guarantee agreements with foreign governments and organizations
Ministry of Health and Population
Ministry of Industry and Technological Development + Investment projects, agreements, modernisation, tenders....
Ministry Of Manpower & Emigration Emigration Sector + To establish close links with individuals or groups abroad
Ministry of Planning + GDP, investment, employment....
Ministry of Public Enterprise + To enhance the efficiency of public enterprises
Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs + Environmental protection and environmental development projects
Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation + Services, projects, news, events, database....
Ministry of Youth Al=Shabab - Activities, achievments, statistics, services....
National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage (ENCID) + Members are Governmental Engineers, Professors from Universities and Research Centers
National Council for Childhood and Motherhood (NCCM) + Protection and development of children
National Council for Women + An autonomous body responsible for the empowerment of the Egyptian women
National Institute of Occupational Safety & Health To prevent causes of accidents and health hazards
Shoura Assembly + Senate, Parliamentary life history
Embassy of Egypt - Tokyo, Japan + Information, politics, economy, history, culture, visa, consular affairs, what's new....
Egyptian Consulate General - San Francisco, USA + Tourism, passports & immigration, civil & criminal affairs....
Egyptian Cultural & Educational Bureau Cultural contact between Egypt and Germany

Corporations, Organizations, Public Hospitals and Industrial Entities

EgyptAlum Represent a commitment to investment in the future
Telecom Egypt + Electronic services, main sections....
Mokattam Surgery Center + Supervised by Cairo University staff....
Victoria Hospital + Alexendria....

Centers, Institutes, Societies, Unions....

Al-Mishkat Research Center + Devoted to advancing knowledge on contemporary Egypt and Arab countries
Cooperation and Development Association for Egyptian and European Youth (CDAEEY) To create and build educational and cultural grass-root channels
Coptic Evangelical Organization for Social Services To promote the sanctity, equity and harmony of life
Egyptian Businessmen's Association Providing world class information, comprehensive & maximized level of technical support
Egyptian Center for Economic Studies (ECES) Conducting and disseminating applied policy research
Egyptian Incubator Association Contribute to the economic development process
Egyptian Junior Business Association + Committed to the development of a culture of Excellence, Ethics and Public service
Egyptian Medical Syndicate +
Egyptian Orthopaedic Association Continuous medical education in orthopaedics and traumatology
Egyptian Pediatric Surgical Association Establishment of multicenteric studies
Egyption Radio and Telivision Union
Egyptian Society of Child Neuropsychiatry Children at risk, events, activities
Egyptian Society of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgeons +
Egyptian Society of Internal Medicine Concerned with the current progress in medical diagnosis and therapy
Future Generation Foundation + Enhancing workforce performance through high quality, practical, human resources development activities
Human and Technology Development Foundation Promoting ethical and effective use of ICT to better serve humanity
Integrated Care Society + Cultural & educational services, child care, social development....
National NGOs Center for Population and Development + Provides information services to local NGOs
Poverty Alleviation and Employment Generation Program (PAP) Support to the action of the Egyptian Goverment in reducing poverty and creating job opportunities
Social Fund for Development Channeling of additional public investments towards social services
Society for the Protection of Animal Rights, Egypt SPARE - highest priority is the overall prevention of cruelty to animals
Software Engineering Competence Center (SECC) Support the development of the software industry in Egypt
Union of Producers and Exporters of Horticultural Crops (UPEHC) Enhancement of the Egyptian horticultural industry
Union of Producers and Exporters of Horticultural Crops (UPEHC) Alternative site

Foreign Entities

British Embassy The Embassy offers consular, commercial and visa services to members of the public....
Chinese Embassy + China-Egypt relations, China-Arab relations, Ambassador, Embassy information, visa & passport, about China, about Egypt, links
Delegation of the European Commission to Egypt + To deepen the relationship between Egypt and the European Union
Danish Embassy + Consular and Commercial sections, consulates, facts about Denmark
French Embassy + Cultre, education, science, economy, technology....
German Embassy + Valuable information at a glance
Indian Embassy + Consulate officials, consular and cultural info & services
Italian Embassy + Commercial, military and scientific offices, bilateral relations, consulates, cultural institute....
Japanse Embassy + Ambassador, press releases, events, relations, cultural centre, visas, what's new....
Netherlands Embassy + Information on Embassy in Cairo, its services, activities and ways to contact the Embassy
US Embassy + US mission, consular services, latest news, US policy, journals, articles....
CARE International + Promoting self-generated strategies and community resource mobilization....
US Committee for Refugees Reports on conditions for refugees and internally displaced persons
United Nations in Egypt UN system, development programs, events, documents, links
United Nations Development Programme + To help the Egyptian government in its efforts to reduce poverty and to promote sustainable development policies
USAID Assistance to Egypt....
World Food Programme Fight against global hunger....
World Health Organization Tobacco & health, socio-economic situation

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

Travel & Tourism

Airlines, Air, Sea & Coach Charters services

Egypt Air Flight Schedule, Travel Advice....
Orca Airlines Fly to any destination in Egypt....
Airports Airport names, cities and codes
Egypt Nile Cruises Cruise itineraries include land tours of legendary sites along the Nile River
Egypt Tours and Travel Land and cruise tour operator
Enigma Live-aboard Red Sea diving charters....
Isis Travel Nile cruises, golf, cities & places, Essentials....
Nile Boats River cruises , information , photos....
Royal Cleopatra Dahabia Charters Exploring the beautiful Wonders of Ancient Egypt by a traditional Egyptian Boat

Travel, Tours, Guides.... More country info

Aegyptus Intertravel Off road expeditions, mountain trekking, sailing, bird watching, canooing, Jeep safaris....
Al-Musafer Guide, places, maps, weather, transport, tours....
All Sinai A guide for divers, sun fanatics, safarists and those that are interested in history or religion
Amazon Tours & Holidays Programs with sightseeing and hotel accommodation, transportation, guide in Egypt with new services....
Arab African Tours About Egypt, programs & packages....
Asfour Travel Offers trips to regions like Cairo, Luxor, Aswan, Red Sea, Sinai, Western desert....
Beauty Egypt + Traditional sightseeing, local culture tours....
Camel Dive Club Na'ama Bay in Sharm El Sheikh, hotel, desert safaris, diving tours....
Continental Tours Offers a wide variety of programs suited to the interests and budgets of each traveller dt>Cosmos Tours Full services for groups and individuals traveling to Egypt. Travel tips, about Egypt
Dabuka Expeditions Expeditions in the Desert of Northern Africa....
Discover Sinai + Dahab, hotel, diving, riding, dancing, yoga, safari....
Divers' Network Your gateway to luxury diving in the Red Sea....
Dive Point Seven Scuba Diving & Snorkeling in the Red Sea
Egypt.Net Tourism menu & guide....
Egypt Tours and Travel Accommodation, transportation, land tours, Nile cruises, scuba diving....
Egypt Nile Cruises Cruise ship information & itineraries, overland tour programs....
Egypt's Tourism Net + Culture, maps & attractions, travel agencies, hotels, services guide....
Egyptian Connection Information about Egypt and how to make the most of your next trip
Egyptian Tourist Authority Egyptian Treasures - Pharaonic, Graeco-Roman, Christian, Islamic and modern monuments....
GAT Tours Provide the most enjoyable and informative trips
Go Egypt Great Tours To Egypt , Egypt History , Egypt Photos....
Festivals & Tours in Egypt Fairs and festivals that abound with festivity and colors
Hermes Group Egypt info, tours, hotels, photo gallery....
Min Travel Extensive travel services and tour packages....
Noga Tours 1 Your gateway to the Egyptian experience
Red Sea Guide Visitors' guide, desert safaris, scuba diving....
Road to Egypt Tours and travel, luxury hotels, Nile cruises, Aida opera, Giza Pyramids (USA based)
S.S. Tours See an Egypt no other agency can offer you
SafariEgypt + Ancient Egyptian gods, pyramids, Nile cruises, travel, tourism....
Sea Desert Tours Dedicated to maximizing the ease and comfort for travelers both within Libya , Egypt and Sudan
Sinai Adventures Diving, safari, trekking, events, flora and fauna guide, photo gallery....
Sinai Divers Sharm El-Sheikh, the Red Sea, the desert, national parks....
Sinai Mountains Find here all the information needed to trek in the area
Summit Tours Guarantees you a totally different kind of services
Ten Tours Providing visitors to Egypt affordable & personalized holidays
Tour Egypt Travel Guide Official site of the Egyptian Tourist Authority
Travel to Egypt Tours, Cities and Sights, Ancient Egypt, History, Pyramids, Pharaohs, and Pictures
Yalla Bina - Cairo Cafe Entertainment guide, what's on in Cairo....
Adventures of Egypt Getting there & costs, safety & health, visa, climate, cities, holidays....
Africa Guide Introduction, visitor info, accommodation, tours....
Lonely Planet Travel information, maps, photos, background historical and cultural information
Middle East Travel Accommodation, history, after hours, travel info, addresses, cities & sights, business....
Travel Guide General & trave info, money, duty free, health, accommodation, visas....
World Travel Guide Travel information, regions & places....

Hotels, Resorts, Inns, Hostels....

Beausite Hotel Marsa Matrouh
Flamenco Hotels Hotels in Egypt
Pharoah Egypt Hotel + In the heart of Giza - Cairo
Helnan Hotels Cairo, Alexandria, Dahab, Port Said, Sharm El Sheikh
Ritz Carlton Sharm El Sheikh
Rotana Hotels, Inns & Suites Al Arish, Sharm El-Sheikh
Semiramis Inter-Continental Cairo Located in the heart of the city, facing the River Nile
Hilton Hotels Borg El Arab Resort Alex. / Matrouh Desert Rd DAHAB South Sinai Hurghada Plaza Gabal el Hareem, Main Street Luxur New Karnak Nile TAHRIR SQUARE, Cairo Nuweiba Coral Resort South Sinai Ramses Corniche El Nile, Cairo Sharm Dreams Resort Naama Bay Sharm El Sheikh, South Sinai Sharm El Sheikh Fayrouz Resort Main road Sharm Waterfalls Resort Ras Um El-Sid Cliff, South Sinai Taba Resort South Sinai
Hyatt Regency Hotels Sharm El Sheikh Resort Soma Bay Taba Heights
Inter-Continental, Holiday Inn, Crown Plaza Hotels & Resorts - IC Hotels Group Lowest Internet Rate Guarantee. Book at the IC Hotels Group site first-- if you find a lower rate on another site, they'll beat it! Cairo Hotels Hurghada Hotels Safaga Hotels Sharm El-Sheikh Hotels
Marriott Hotels JW Marriott Hotel Mirage City Cairo Marriott Cairo Hotel Marriott Hurghada Beach Resort Marriott Sharm El Sheikh Beach Resort Renaissance Alexandria Hotel Marriott Taba
Moevinpick Hotels Cairo-Heliopolis Cairo-Media City Cairo-Pyramids El Alamein El Gouna El Quseir Luxor Nile Cruiser-Radamis I & II Sharm El Sheikh Resort & casino Sharm El Sheikh Golf & resort Taba
All Hotels Hotels, description & rates
Egypt Hotel Guide Hotels, tours, cruises, resturants....
Egypt Hotels Travel Guide Offers hotels and resorts online reservations
Hostels Addresses & location
Hotels Egypt Cheapest rates on quality accommodation in Cairo and other cities
Hotels Travel Hotels directory & tourist information
Inn26 Hotels and motels directory, local info....

Health & Travel Tips

Foreign & Commonwealth Office Travel information, country advise, latest travel updates....
Travel Document Systems Passports, visas, travel documents
US Consular Information Warning, visa, security, health, crime/drug penalties....

Weather....

Tide Calendar Tide times, sunset, sunrise and global position
Weather Underground Temperature, humidity, pressure and conditions by city
Yahoo Weather By city. Forcast, sunrise, sunset, humidity, wind, dewpoint....

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

Visit Arab Gateways for Arab and other country links

Gateways to Egypt

Egypt Search Categorized listing....
Egypt Tour Directories, shopping, cuisine, travel....
Egyptian Directory Categorized listing....
Egypt WWW + The Egyptian web sites directory covering almost all fields and activities

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

Sign Guestbook or View Guestbook

For personal pages, private companies & entities, un-categorized and other sites, please visit
Free For All, Add URL or View Egypt Links Page

Books

Here is a selection of books, CDs and videos that will eventually cover various subjects related to Egypt. The comments here are extracts from reviews and comments from editors and readers.
Click on the book title for full details and reviews.

Recommended reading:

Pyramid
By David Macaulay
Through concise text and richly detailed black and white illustrations we come to know the philosophy of life and death in ancient Egypt

Midaq Alley
By Naguib Mahfouz
Never has Nobel Prize-winner Naguib Mahfouz's talent for rich and luxurious storytelling been more evident than in this outstanding novel....

The Tale of Sinuhe and Other Ancient Egyptian Poems: 1940-1640 BC
By R. B. Parkinson (Illustrator)
This is an excellent introductory book for those interested in Ancient Egyptian literature

For more books, music, videos, DVDs, CDs and others visit:

About Egypt * Business * Culture * Education * History * Media * Organizations * Travel * Gateways * Arab Countries

for Egypt products: Stamps, collectables, etc....

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Created 1 November 2000. Last updated 14 February 2006

	Pyramid By David Macaulay Through concise text and richly detailed black and white illustrations we come to know the philosophy of life and death in ancient Egypt
	Midaq Alley By Naguib Mahfouz Never has Nobel Prize-winner Naguib Mahfouz's talent for rich and luxurious storytelling been more evident than in this outstanding novel....
	The Tale of Sinuhe and Other Ancient Egyptian Poems: 1940-1640 BC By R. B. Parkinson (Illustrator) This is an excellent introductory book for those interested in Ancient Egyptian literature